Saloua Raouda Choucair, Trajectory of a Line (The Pharaonic), 1957–59, wood, 43 x 27 x 16 cm. Image courtesy the Saloua Raouda Choucair Foundation/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

Hashem Shakeri, from the series The Kahur Does Not Fall Unless the Earth Wills It, Balochistan, Iran, 2018–ongoing. Image courtesy the artist.

Hamed Abdalla, Poem (detail), 1970, acrylic on canvas, 101 × 73 cm. Image courtesy of the artist’s estate. Image copyright the artist’s estate.